Insulin resistance under-diagnosed in non-diabetics with Parkinson's disease

Very nearly 66% of non-diabetic patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) might be insulin resistant, in spite of having normal blood sugar. Researcher’s findings suggest that insulin resistance in PD is a common and largely undetected problem, especially in patients who are overweight.

Decreased glucose tolerance has long been recognized as a potential risk factor for Parkinson's disease, and there is expanding examination of insulin resistance as a pathologic driver of neurodegeneration. The key link between the two conditions appears to be insulin resistance, a potentially reversible condition that not only predisposes individuals to type 2 diabetes (DM2) but is also related with neurodegeneration. However, the prevalence of insulin resistance in Parkinson's disease is unknown.

Investigators tested 154 non-diabetic Parkinson's disease patients for fasting glucose and insulin to assess the prevalence of insulin resistance and to connect insulin resistance with other metabolic indicators, motor and non-motor symptoms of PD, and quality of life. Based a broadly used formula, known as the HOMA index, they determined how many of these patients had a reduced response to their own insulin. Among different estimations, their weight and height were recorded and their movement and cognitive performance were estimated.

Results demonstrated that almost 66% of patients had undiagnosed insulin resistance, despite normal fasting glucose and, in many cases, normal haemoglobin A1c, a test that is frequently performed for type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Their information confirmed past examinations that insulin resistance is more than double in obese compared with lean individuals, but the investigators also found a substantially higher percentage (41%) of lean Parkinson's disease patients with insulin resistance. They found no correlation between insulin resistance and cognitive decline.

The potential effect of this investigation is two-fold. Weight gain and obesity is a major public health challenge and insulin resistance appears linked to body weight. These findings could prompt to increase screening of PD patients to recognize and correct this condition.

The second and more particular impact is that identifying patients with insulin resistance could allow for personalized medicine, whereby Parkinson’s disease patients with insulin resistance may be treated with medications targeted to reverse the condition. Study on the use of diabetic medications for PD, such as GLP-1 agonists like exenatide and liraglutide, is ongoing.

Now that, for the first time, we understand how common insulin resistance is in non-diabetic patients with Parkinson’s disease, we can start to address this public health challenge. This increases the importance of finding new medications and way of life mediations that can address this metabolic dysfunction with multiple implications, from diabetes to neurodegenerative disorders like PD and Alzheimer's disease.

Contact details
Tiffany Hales
Program Manager | Diabetic 2018
Email id: diabetes@mehealthevents.org

Nutrition has benefits for brain network organization

Nourishment has been connected to intellectual execution, however analysts have not pinpointed what underlies the association. Monounsaturated unsaturated fats - a class of supplements found in olive oils, nuts and avocados - are connected to general knowledge, and that this relationship is driven by the connection amongst's MUFAs and the association of the cerebrum's consideration organize.

Our goal is to understand how nutrition may be utilized to help support cognitive performance and to think about the manners by which nourishment may impact the useful association of the human cerebrum, This is essential on the grounds that on the off chance that we need to create healthful mediations that are viable at upgrading subjective execution, we have to comprehend the ways that these supplements impact mind work.

In this study, researchers examined the relationship between MUFAs and brain networks that underlie general intelligence. In doing as such, we looked to comprehend if cerebrum arranges association interceded the connection between unsaturated fats and general insight.

Studies proposing intellectual advantages of the Mediterranean eating routine, which is rich in MUFAs, propelled the analysts to center around this gathering of unsaturated fats. They analysed supplements in members' blood and found that the unsaturated fats bunched into two examples: immersed unsaturated fats and MUFAs.

The specialists found that general insight was related with the cerebrum's dorsal consideration organize, which assumes a focal part in consideration requesting undertakings and regular critical thinking. Specifically, the scientists found that general insight was related with how effectively the dorsal consideration arrange is practically composed utilized a measure called little world affinity, which depicts how well the neural system is associated inside privately bunched areas and in addition crosswise over all inclusive coordinated frameworks.

Thus, they found that those with more elevated amounts of MUFAs in their blood had more noteworthy little world inclination in their dorsal consideration organize. Taken together with a watched relationship between’ s larger amounts of MUFAs and more noteworthy general insight, these discoveries recommend a pathway by which MUFAs influence discernment.

“Bookmark your dates for our upcoming  26th International Diabetes and Healthcare Conference”

Contact details:
Tiffany Hales
Program Manager | Diabetic 2018
Mail id: diabetes@mehealthevents.org

The relevance of GABA for diabetes

Dynamic associations between the hormones, nervous system, and the immune system are normally on-going but in diabetes the balance is aggravated.

GABA is synthesized by an enzyme called glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) from the amino acid glutamate in nerve cells yet additionally, vitally, in the insulin-producing beta cells in pancreatic islets. GAD has two forms, GAD65 and GAD67. In type 1 diabetes, beta cells are destroyed while type 2 diabetes is related with impaired beta cell function and insulin resistance.

Patients with type 1 diabetes regularly have antibodies to GAD65. Although, there has been no strong connection amongst type 2 diabetes and gamma aminobutyric acid and until recently when it was shown that GABA is essential for maintaining and potentially likewise in the making of new beta cells.

The two current examinations strengthen the image of GABA's importance, for both types of diabetes. The researchers used ion channels that gamma aminobutyric acid opens, the gamma aminobutyric acid receptors, as a biological sensor for GABA, and were able to determine the effective, physiological GABA concentration levels in human pancreatic islets. They additionally showed that these ion channels became more sensitive to GABA in type 2 diabetes and that GABA helps regulate insulin secretion.

The researchers then isolated immune cells from human blood and studied the effects GABA had on these cells. They show that GABA inhibited the cells and decreased the secretion of a large number of inflammatory molecules.

The anti-inflammatory impact of gamma aminobutyric acid may be vital in the pancreatic islets since as long as GABA is present, toxic white blood cells can be inhibited, therefore enhancing the survival of the insulin-secreting beta cells. At the point when the beta cells reduce in number and disappear from the islets as occurs in type 1 diabetes, then gamma aminobutyric acid consequently is also decreased and, thereby, the gamma aminobutyric acid protective shielding of the beta cells. When inflammatory molecules enhance in strength, it may weaken and even kill the remaining beta cells.  

In on-going studies, the researchers currently focus on clarifying the GABA signalling mechanisms in the immune cells and in the human beta cells. They will likewise consider how existing drugs can increase, decrease or mimic the effects of GABA.

For more details,contact:

Tiffany Hales
Program Manager | Diabetic 2018
Mail id: diabetes@mehealthevents.org

Can't sleep? Could be down to genetics

Specialists have distinguished particular genes that may trigger the development of sleep problems, and have likewise shown a hereditary connection amongst psychiatric and insomnia disorders such as depression, or physical conditions such as type 2 diabetes. The impacts a sleeping disorder has on a person's health can be debilitating and place a strain on the healthcare system. Chronic insomnia goes hand in hand with different long-term medical problems such as heart disease and type 2 diabetes, and in addition mental illness.

Twin studies have in the past demonstrated that different sleep related traits, including sleeping disorder, are heritable. Based on these discoveries, specialists have started to investigate the particular gene variants included. In this discoveries, experts conducted genome-wide association studies.

Overall, the examinations confirm that insomnia has a partially heritable basis. The specialists also found a strong hereditary connection amongst a sleeping disorder and type 2 diabetes. Among members of European descent, there was moreover a hereditary tie amongst insomnia and major depression.

The hereditary connection between insomnia and other psychiatric disorders, such as major depression, and physical disorders such as type 2 diabetes suggests a mutual hereditary diathesis for these commonly co-occurring phenotypes.  

Insomnia was connected to the occurrence of specific variants on chromosome 7. In individuals of European descent, there were additionally differences on chromosome 9. The variant on chromosome 7, for example, is near AUTS2, a gene that has been connected to alcohol consumption, and additionally others that identify with development and sleep-related electric signalling.  

A few of these variants rest comfortably among areas and pathways definitely known to be related to circadian rhythms and sleep. Such a sleeping disorder related loci may add to the hereditary risk underlying a range of health conditions including metabolic disease and     psychiatric disorders.

For more details:

Tiffany hales
Program Manager | Diabetic 2018
Email id: diabetes@mehealthevents.org; diabetes@memeetings.net

Causes and treatment for diabetes fatigue

Fatigue is a complex state described by a lack of alertness and decreased mental and physical performance, frequently accompanied by drowsiness. Diabetes and fatigue are frequently discussed as a cause and effect. Blood glucose variation is often thought of as the first reason of fatigue in diabetes. Other related factors, regularly found in individuals with diabetes, that can contribute to fatigue include the following:

• Widespread inflammation
• Insomnia
• Hypothyroidism
• Depression
• Kidney failure
• Low testosterone levels in men
• Medication side effects
• Skipping meals
• Lack of physical activity
• Poor nutrition  
• Lack of social support

Other medical conditions:

• Anaemia or low red blood cell counts.  
• Low thyroid (hypothyroidism) people with diabetes are more likely than others to have thyroid problems.
• Low testosterone levels, especially in men.
• Infections: Infections take energy to fight, which can cause fatigue and raise blood sugar levels.
• Undiagnosed heart disease.
• Conditions like chronic fatigue and fibromyalgia. These are much more common in women, but men get them too. Fatigue is the main symptom.

Additional causes of fatigue:

Lack of sleep or poor sleep, shift work, depression is very common with diabetes, stress, aging and diet.

Treatment for diabetes and fatigue

Lifestyle changes: Healthy lifestyle habits are at the heart of good health. These include nutrition, regular exercise, and weight control. A few people adjust easily to shift work, yet not every person can deal with consistent interruptions to their day by day rhythm. Researchers have now discovered that a melatonin receptor gene impacts tolerance to shift work.

Social support: Specialists found that support from family and other resources decreased fatigue related to diabetes.

Mental health: Depression runs high in diabetes. Exercise can likewise help depression by increasing serotonin levels.

Contact details:

Tiffany Hales

Program Manager | Diabetic 2018

Mail id: diabetes@mehealthevents.org